QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　As one of the leading pioneers for space industry and first female space traveller， Anousheh Ansari believes it is necessary to develop affordable space travel， “it is actually establishing a base for human beings on our planet”。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　作為太空行業(yè)的領(lǐng)軍者和首位進(jìn)入女性太空游客，阿努什認(rèn)為發(fā)更加親民的太空旅行非常有必要，“這是在為人類打基礎(chǔ)”。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　In 2006， Anousheh became the first female space traveller into the International space station， where she spent 10 days joining the experiments and blogs。 But she prefers to call herself a “space participant”。 15 years later， the space industry has rapidly changed， Anousheh said it is “an exciting moment” for the new prosperity of the space industry。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　2006年，阿努什成為首位前往國際空間站的女游客。在國際空間站的10天，她參與了試驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目還親自寫博客。但她更愿意稱自己是“太空參與者”而非游客。15年后，太空行業(yè)發(fā)生巨變，面對太空行業(yè)的新繁榮，阿努什直言“這是令人激動(dòng)的時(shí)刻”。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Beside the space industry， as CEO of XPRIZE， Anousheh is focusing on carbon removal competition 2021。 XPRIZE foundation， which is a leading foundation of inspiring innovation， has set this $100 million challenge for the team who gives the best solution for carbon removal。 Anousheh said that our current technology is behind the speed of climate change， if we want to solve the problem through innovation， “and if we don‘t use them， they’re not going to solve the problem by themselves”。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　除了太空行業(yè)，作為XPRIZE基金會的CEO，阿努什目前正在忙著炭移除挑戰(zhàn)賽。作為鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新的基金會，XPRIZE設(shè)置1億美元的獎(jiǎng)金，激勵(lì)提供最佳炭移除方案的隊(duì)伍。阿努什認(rèn)為目前的技術(shù)遠(yuǎn)跟不上氣候變化的節(jié)奏，想要解決環(huán)境問題，只能通過創(chuàng)新，“如果我們不用技術(shù)，技術(shù)不能自我改良。”QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　there are the full transcript of interview：QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　以下為對話全文：QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q： So let‘s talk about space industry first， all right？You’re a big fan of the Star Trek series。 So who is your favorite character？ And which is your favorite episode？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　我們先聊聊太空行業(yè)吧，你是《星際迷航》系列的粉絲，你最喜歡哪個(gè)角色，最喜歡哪一集？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A： I‘m a big fan of Spock。 He was the science officer on board starship Enterprise and had really great ideas to solve problems。 So I really identify with him coming from a science and education background。 I have many favorite episodes， especially the movies I like。 But there was an episode I think it was called naked time and it sort of was a very human episode。 Spock being involved and controlling and not showing emotion。 And in that episode， it sort of showed the other side of him。 And even though he wasn’t demonstrating emotions that there‘s a lot inside each person that is important。 And sometimes it comes out and I think it shows the human relationships that exist， even in a place where emotions have no place。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　我是史波克的超級粉絲，他在“企業(yè)號”上擔(dān)任科學(xué)官，他有解決問題的想法和頭腦和科學(xué)教育背景，這讓我很認(rèn)同他。我有很多喜歡的劇集 尤其是電影，但是有一集 應(yīng)該叫《the Naked Time》（星際迷航系列第一季第四集）。這是非常有人情味的一集。史波克平時(shí)控制自己，不會輕易展露感情。在那一集他展現(xiàn)了自己的另一面。盡管他沒有表現(xiàn)出情感，但每個(gè)人內(nèi)心都有很多重要的東西，有時(shí)候它會顯示出來。即使是在一個(gè)情感匱乏的地方，它展示了人類關(guān)系。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q： Have you watched the tv series called the Space Force last year？ It‘s a comedy about the workplace， middle age crisis， and also the china- america competition。 We have so many funny clips from the show， the big scissors to cut the satellites。 And so what do you think about the China and America space competition？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　你看過《太空部隊(duì)》這部電視劇嗎？這是一部關(guān)于職場、中年危機(jī)和中美太空競爭的劇集。里面有很多有趣的名場面，比如用大剪刀剪衛(wèi)星。你怎么認(rèn)為中美的太空競爭呢？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A： To be honest with you， I believe space belongs to humanity。 And I think as human beings， as a human race。 We will advance in space much faster if we collaborate。 I have， if you look at the history of human space exploration， you see， it has been actually a uniting factor， even though it was a competition。 But when conflicts on earth sort of flared up， space was a place where everyone from every country。 Back then during the cold war， the US and Russia， for example， they could come together because I think space unites that‘s all and we can relate to each other。 I’ve worked with many astronauts from different countries。 I was in China when the first Chinese astronaut went to space and have had the privilege of meeting any of the people in the Chinese space agency。 I know from people involved in the program， the astronauts， the people behind the scene， everyone also believes in collaboration。 We don‘t see us competing with each other。 We see us as comrades and collaborators and friends and all after the same mission。 It is the governments who make it difficult。 They put rules and regulations and barriers for everyone to come together。 So I hope one day everyone will see that and will be able to actually collaborate on building new ways of going to space， new launch systems， new international space stations that include China and other countries and perhaps an international moon base or mars， where we all work together。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　老實(shí)說，我相信太空是屬于人類的。我認(rèn)為，人類作為一個(gè)族群，如果我們合作，將會在太空領(lǐng)域取得更快的進(jìn)展。你回顧人類太空探索的歷史是一個(gè)團(tuán)結(jié)的過程，盡管也有很多競爭。當(dāng)?shù)厍蛏媳l(fā)沖突時(shí)，太空是一個(gè)每個(gè)國家都會出現(xiàn)的地方。比如在冷戰(zhàn)期間，兩國能夠走到一起，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為是太空團(tuán)結(jié)了一切，我們可以互相聯(lián)結(jié)。我和很多不同國家的宇航員一起工作過。中國第一位宇航員進(jìn)入太空時(shí)，我在中國有幸認(rèn)識了中國航天局的很多人。我從參與項(xiàng)目的宇航員以及幕后人員那里了解到，所有人都相信合作的力量。我們沒有看到彼此在競爭，我們視對方為同志，合作者和朋友，大家都在完成同樣的使命。是政府讓合作變得很困難，他們設(shè)定了規(guī)章制度讓人們遵守。因此，我希望有一天，每個(gè)人都能意識到這一點(diǎn)，能夠真正的協(xié)作，共同建立進(jìn)入太空的新方法，新的發(fā)射系統(tǒng)，包括中國及其他國家的空間站，或者還有國際月球或者火星基地，我們可以共同努力。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q： You went to the international space station as a space flight participant， Instead of a space tourist。 You spend 6 months on ground training and 10 days on the space station working and experimenting with an astronaut。 Recently， 2 billionaires joined the spaceflight club， Mr。 Bezos and Mr。 Branson。 What do you think about their space flight？ So what‘s the major difference between you and them about space flight？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　你作為太空參與者而不是太空游客前往國際空間站。你在地面進(jìn)行了半年的訓(xùn)練，在空間站待了10天，參與工作和實(shí)驗(yàn)。最近，2位億萬富豪，貝索斯和布蘭森也進(jìn)行了太空旅行。你怎么看待他們的太空飛行？你和他們的飛行最大區(qū)別是什么？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A： They both approved what was called suborbital flight， it‘s basically a glimpse of space and a very short experience of weightlessness。 But still， I think it has an important impact。 Going to orbit， spending time on a space station。 It’s not for everyone。 I‘m discriminating， but it requires a lot of training。 It is a lot more dangerous。 You have to be in very good physical health and state。 It requires a certain level of dedication， and not everyone would like to have it。 But if you look at people who climb Mount Everest， there are those who are very serious and they go to the peak。 And those who hike to the base。 I see a suborbital flight and an orbital flight like comparison to a base camp to the peak。 It doesn’t diminish the value of it hike to the base camp。 It‘s still an important experience and difficult。 But going to the peak has an exponentially higher degree of training and danger is involved with it。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　他們都進(jìn)行了亞軌道飛行，這基本上是非常短暫的失重體驗(yàn)，但我仍然認(rèn)為它有重要的影響。進(jìn)入軌道，在空間站度過一段時(shí)間，并不適合所有人，這并不是我歧視。這需要大量的訓(xùn)練，還伴隨著危險(xiǎn)。你必須有非常好的身體健康和狀態(tài)，需要有一定的奉獻(xiàn)精神。這不是所有人都有的條件。但如果你對比看看攀登珠穆朗瑪峰，有些人非常嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真，他們登上了頂峰，也有徒步到大本營的人。我認(rèn)為亞軌道飛行和軌道飛行，就像是攀登山頂和到達(dá)大本營。徒步到大本營并不會降低它的價(jià)值，這仍然是重要的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而且過程也很艱難。但登上頂峰伴隨著指數(shù)級的訓(xùn)練和危險(xiǎn)程度。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q： A lot of things happened during the past 15 years， 20 years， the new spaceship， new space suit。 What is the future of space traveling？ Do you think it‘s necessary to develop affordable space traveling for ordinary people？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　過去15年到20年發(fā)生了很多事情，出現(xiàn)了新的太空非常和宇航服，太空旅行的未來會是什么樣？你認(rèn)為有必要發(fā)展讓普通人也能負(fù)擔(dān)得起的太空旅行嗎？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A： I fundamentally believe that space exploration is actually establishing a base for human beings on our planet。 It is important for humanity’s future。 So access to space and reducing the cost of access to space， increasing the safety of access to space becomes a very important component of that longer term desire and mission。 I also believe there are great business opportunities and there is great benefit for us on earth to develop our technologies in space。 Right now， we have sort of perfected the rocketry way of going to space。 I hope that maybe XPRIZE will be involved in it to create new technologies and new ways of access to space， something， a new propulsion system perhaps because we need a quantum leap in technology， in order to really be able to advance humanity in space and really advance space exploration。 So I really hope that we can， again， true collaboration， because the best innovation comes from every corner of the world。 And we‘ve seen this at the XPRIZE， our teams are international。 We have teams who are made of members from different countries that meet online and virtually collaborate。 There is no reason why we can’t have the best minds around the globe， working together to come up with new ways of accessing space。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　我從根本上認(rèn)為，太空探索實(shí)際上是為人類打基礎(chǔ)，這對人類的未來非常重要。因此 ，提供進(jìn)入太空的渠道和降低進(jìn)入太空的成本，提高進(jìn)入空間的安全性，成為這一長期愿望和使命的一個(gè)非常重要的組成部分。我也相信在太空中發(fā)展我們的技術(shù)，對地球上的我們來說有著巨大的商機(jī)和巨大的利益。現(xiàn)在，我們已經(jīng)在某種程度上完善了進(jìn)入太空的火箭。我希望XPrize能參與其中，創(chuàng)造新的技術(shù)和新的進(jìn)入太空的方式，比如一個(gè)新的推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)。因?yàn)槲覀冃枰夹g(shù)上的飛躍，以真正能夠推進(jìn)人類在太空中的發(fā)展以及真正推進(jìn)太空探索。所以我真的希望我們能夠再次真正的合作，因?yàn)樽詈玫膭?chuàng)新來自世界的每一個(gè)角落。XPrize有國際化的團(tuán)隊(duì)，我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)由來自不同國家的成員組成，他們會通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程合作。沒有理由說我們不能擁有全球最優(yōu)秀的人才，一起想出進(jìn)入太空的新方法。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q： You mentioned SpaceX， and we also have Virgin Galactic， Blue Origins， Those star players in the space industry。 But we also have some very brilliant young companies with all types of business。 Do you think it is the new prosperity of the space industry right now？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　你提到了SpaceX，還有維珍銀河、藍(lán)色起源，這些太空行業(yè)的“明星選手”，但還有一些非常出色的初創(chuàng)公司，他們開展有各種類型的業(yè)務(wù)，你認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在是航天事業(yè)的新繁榮時(shí)期嗎？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A： I think it‘s a very exciting time in the space industry。 XPRIZE had this vision when my family and I sponsored the first competition， Ansari XPRIZE， and our hope was that it will really spur a lot of new innovation and open up and create this new excitement about space。 And thankfully， we succeeded and we’ve seen how the industry has completely changed and involved。 And the private sector has been a big part of that collaborating with government agencies and bringing innovation and space exploration are good examples of that。 But I also see a lot of new startups。 There‘s a lot of new investment going into these new companies。 We’re looking at taking the industry to the next level， to standardizing and commercializing technologies using launch systems， for example， satellite imagery， satellite sensing systems have become so small and affordable that we can have a whole new set of technologies and businesses that come from those technologies， orbiting our planet， whether it‘s looking at our own planet or looking outward， and sort of helping us understand and better study our own planet， which helps us understand ourselves better and also better understand our universe， which also answers a lot of questions about us。 So this is just the beginning， just like the early days of the internet when with Netscape and technologies that came after， access to the internet became easy and something that people play ground for innovation。 I think space is at that stage right now。 As we allow or open up access to more， people will come up with new ideas that we can’t even imagine， right？ It will be transformational for humanity。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　我認(rèn)為這是航天工業(yè)非常激動(dòng)人心的時(shí)刻，當(dāng)我們的家人和我資助第一場競賽安薩里X大獎(jiǎng)賽時(shí)就有這個(gè)愿景，我們希望它將真正激發(fā)出許多新的創(chuàng)新，并激發(fā)和創(chuàng)造關(guān)于太空的新的動(dòng)力。謝天謝地，我們成功了。我們見證了這個(gè)行業(yè)如何徹底改變和變革。私營公司一直是其中很大的一部分，私營公司與政府合作 帶來創(chuàng)新和太空探索就是很好的例子。但我也看到很多初創(chuàng)公司，這些公司進(jìn)行了很多投資。我們正在考慮將該行業(yè)提升到一個(gè)新的水平。例如，利用發(fā)射系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化和商業(yè)化；衛(wèi)星圖像和衛(wèi)星傳感系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)變得價(jià)格親民，圍繞這些技術(shù)，我們能夠開發(fā)新的技術(shù)和商業(yè)。圍繞我們的地球，不管是向內(nèi)看地球還是從地球往外看，讓我們更好地了解和研究我們的星球。這幫助我們更好地了解我們自己，也更好地了解我們的宇宙。這也回答了很多關(guān)于我們自身的問題。這只是個(gè)開始。就像互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的早期一樣，隨著網(wǎng)景公司和后來技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)，訪問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)變得容易，這是人們創(chuàng)新的基礎(chǔ)。我認(rèn)為太空正在處于這樣的階段，我們進(jìn)行更多的探索，人們會有難以想象的創(chuàng)意改變?nèi)祟悺?span style="display:none">QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q： One of the ideas from the opposite said it is a waste of time and money for a rocket launch in solving problems on earth。 I think the problem here is how to make sure that space technology can improve ordinary life and other industries。 What is your idea about that？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　反對者認(rèn)為，發(fā)射火箭就是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間金錢，而不是去解決地球上的問題。問題的關(guān)鍵在于如何更好地讓太空技術(shù)改善我們的生活和其他行業(yè)，你怎么認(rèn)為呢？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A： I fully believe in that I think it has already from the beginning， from the early days。 And I think the issue is a lack of awareness。 I think the media can play a huge role in creating awareness on how space technology has already significantly affected humanity。 If we look at all of our communication systems， our entertainment system， the GPS systems that we used to get around， a lot of health technologies， a lot of new light materials that are used in our clothing， in other devices， fire retardant material。 There‘s so much studies and research and innovations and inventions that come from space， the whole space industry that I think people just take it for granted。 They don’t know that this technology they‘re using， for example， the ATM machine or when they’re using the navigation system。 They don‘t think that this has something to do with space。 And I think if we can create that awareness， they would see the benefit and support more。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　我一直堅(jiān)信于此，從一開始太空技術(shù)就已經(jīng)改善了（我們的生活和其他行業(yè)）。問題是大家缺乏感知，我認(rèn)為媒體可以發(fā)揮巨大的作用，讓人們認(rèn)識到太空技術(shù)已經(jīng)對人類產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。如果看看我們所有的通信系統(tǒng)、娛樂系統(tǒng)，我們的GPS系統(tǒng)，很多的健康科技，很多新的輕質(zhì)材料都應(yīng)用到我們的服裝和其他設(shè)備中，比如防火阻燃等材料，有很多的研究和創(chuàng)新發(fā)明都來自于太空。我認(rèn)為人們忽視了太空行業(yè)的作用，他們并不了解自己使用的技術(shù)，比如說ATM取款機(jī)或者導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)，他們不認(rèn)為這與航天有關(guān)。如果我們能夠建立這種意識，他們可以看到更多益處 從而更加支持航天工業(yè)發(fā)展。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q： I also notice that the space industry also changed how people think about science and knowledge。 In the past， we just celebrated the new rocket launch。 We have so many social media users。 We want to talk about space technologies。 So what is actually benefit and result from that？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　我還注意到太空行業(yè)也改變了人們?nèi)绾握J(rèn)識科學(xué)和知識。過去，我們只是慶祝火箭升空。現(xiàn)在很多社交媒體用戶開始討論太空科技，這會帶來什么好處和影響？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A： Like you said， they need that awareness of the new technology。 Absolutely， my interest in science and engineering as a young girl came from my love of astronomy。 I looked at the night skies and it sort of became this mysterious place I wanted to know more about。 And my desire to learn about what was up there and when I looked up at night became this obsession for me and a source of inspiration to want to learn astronomy， learn physics， and it has opened up this whole new world of possibilities for me that I wouldn‘t be there if I didn’t get curious about space and astronomy。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　就像你所說，他們需要意識到這種新的技術(shù)。當(dāng)然，當(dāng)我還是個(gè)年輕的女孩，我對科學(xué)和工程的興趣來自于對天文學(xué)的熱愛。晚上我仰望星空，它變成了我想要探索的神秘之地。當(dāng)我晚上抬頭看的時(shí)候，我渴望了解那里有什么，這對我來說成為了一種癡迷，也成了我想要學(xué)習(xí)天文學(xué)和物理的動(dòng)力。它為我打開了全新的世界的可能性。如果我不對太空和天文學(xué)產(chǎn)生好奇，我就不會走到這里QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q： One of the problems is the absence of females in the space industry。 So how to promote and encourage more females joining this space industry？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　太空行業(yè)面臨的問題之一是女性的缺失，如何促進(jìn)和鼓勵(lì)女性參與到太空行業(yè)中？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A： That‘s a great question， and something that’s top of mind for me。 Not only in space， in general and technology。 I’m an electronic engineer， computer science major who has been involved in the tech industry for most of my life。 I see a great need for more women to be involved and in general more diversity in all the stem fields， all the technology fields and including space。 If you look at the number of people who belong to space right now about maybe totally somewhere around， I think 500， maybe 30 people have flown to space。 And only about 10% of those are women。 I‘m actually very encouraged when I looked at the astronaut class that NASA has selected， and there are 50 percent of women。 I think things are changing。 And one thing that I found very effective in encouraging young girls to be interested in space is to have role models in the past， even when women had contributed to advancement of science their names have been erased from history and they have not been sort of at the forefront of shining a light on their accomplishments。 There haven’t been a lot of role models for young girls to look at， but times have changed。 Now they can read and see how great women in our history have made a difference in the world， in this world of science and technology and space。 I hope that will encourage them to see a future for themselves in those fields。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　這是一個(gè)很好的問題，也是我最關(guān)心的問題。不光是航天業(yè)，包括其他科技行業(yè)。我是一名工程師，主修計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)，一生中大部分時(shí)間都投身于科技行業(yè)。我認(rèn)為更多的女性需要參與進(jìn)來，所有的理工科 ，所有的技術(shù)領(lǐng)域，包括太空，都需要更多元化。如果你看看現(xiàn)在總共約有500名左右宇航員，可能其中30人去過太空，僅僅有10%是女性。當(dāng)我看到NASA挑選的宇航員時(shí)大約有50%都是女性，我對此很受鼓舞。我認(rèn)為情況正在發(fā)生改變。我認(rèn)為樹立榜樣對于鼓勵(lì)年輕女孩對太空產(chǎn)生興趣是非常有效的方法。在過去，即使女性為科學(xué)進(jìn)步做出了貢獻(xiàn)，她們的名字也會從歷史上抹去。她們也沒有站出來展示她們的成就。對于年輕女孩來說，沒有太多的榜樣可以借鑒。但時(shí)代變了，現(xiàn)在她們可以讀到并看到，偉大的女性在科技和航空領(lǐng)域，在我們的歷史中是如何改變世界的。我希望這將鼓勵(lì)她們在這些領(lǐng)域看到自己的未來。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q： Let‘s move on to environment problems at XPRIZE。 XPRIZE is organizing the carbon remove challenge 2021。 I noticed that Mr。 Elon Musk also joined this project。 Why draws his attention？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　我們聊聊環(huán)境問題和XPRIZE。XPRIZE正在組織碳移除20201挑戰(zhàn)賽。我注意到馬斯克也參加了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。這場大賽為什么會吸引他的注意。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A： I think Elon， in general， is absolutely very interested in space。 You can see that the other side of his work has been very much focused on the environment。 The companies he created are around solar energy， renewable energy， and Tesla。 Actually， the electric car that has revolutionized the automotive industry， I think it demonstrates his conviction of creating a sustainable environment for humanity。 So for us and for him， I think it was a natural sort of desire to support innovations that will make our world a better place for future generations。 And right now， the most pressing issue that we face here on our planet is climate change and global warming。 So this competition， the $100 million carbon removal competition， It‘s an audacious prize。 It is the largest centralized competition that has been launched。 There is a way to solve our biggest problem， which is that our planet is getting hotter and hotter。 We are moving toward renewable energy and changing our behavior， but it’s not happening fast enough to stop the climate change and the temperature rise to below the 1.5° we desire。 So the only way to solve this problem is to take carbon out of the atmosphere or the oceans。 And to do that at scale， we need to， based on the MC report it was estimated that we need to move about ten gigaton per year by 2050。 Our technologies are nowhere near there right now and not on that trajectory。 So this competition is intended to really accelerate innovation in that area。 So we can get to a place where we can remove the CO2 and make sure that our planet doesn‘t plunge into a place that will not be habitable for human beings。 We see wildfires， we see temperature changes and extreme weather all over the world。 I think that the debate is about whether our climate is changing。 Everyone knows they can just go outside and look around and see it’s changing。 So now we need to really focus on solutions。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　總的來說，我認(rèn)為埃隆，他對太空絕對非常感興趣。你可以看到他工作的另一部分一直關(guān)注環(huán)境問題。他創(chuàng)建的公司圍繞著太陽能、可再生能源。實(shí)際上，電動(dòng)汽車徹底改變了汽車工業(yè)。我認(rèn)為這證明了他為人類創(chuàng)造可持續(xù)發(fā)展環(huán)境的信念。因此，對我們和他而言，我認(rèn)為支持創(chuàng)新是一種自然的愿望。這將讓我們的世界成為對子孫后代而言更美好的地方。現(xiàn)在我們在地球上面臨的最緊迫的問題是氣候變化和全球變暖。所以1億美金的碳移除競賽，是一個(gè)大膽的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，是已經(jīng)啟動(dòng)的競賽中最大的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，來解決我們最大的問題——那就是我們的地球正在變得越來越熱。我們正在邁向可再生能源并改變我們的行為。但轉(zhuǎn)變的速度還不夠快，不足以阻止氣候變化，并把氣溫上升控制在1.5°以下。解決這個(gè)問題的唯一方法就是把碳從大氣或海洋中清除出去。為了在規(guī)模上做到這一點(diǎn)，根據(jù)MC報(bào)告，到2050年 我們每年需要消除大約100億噸碳。我們現(xiàn)在的技術(shù)離這個(gè)目標(biāo)還差著很遠(yuǎn)。因此，這場比賽旨在真正加速該領(lǐng)域的創(chuàng)新。我們可以達(dá)到一個(gè)目標(biāo)，消除二氧化碳并確保我們的地球不會變得不適合人類居住。我們看到了山火，以及遍布全球的極端天氣。關(guān)于我們的氣候是否正在變化的辯論，每個(gè)人都知道，只需要出去看看就能看到這種改變。所以我們應(yīng)該真正專注于解決方QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q： Some people said they want to start aggressive actions or changes， because we can feel and watch the extreme weather like， the wildfire in California and the flooding in China recently。 Do you agree with them？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　有人想要更加激進(jìn)的行動(dòng)和改變，因?yàn)槲覀兡芨惺芎涂吹綐O端天氣，比如加州山火和中國最近的洪水。你同意他們的觀點(diǎn)嗎？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A： So we need some more aggressive actions。 I do believe we need aggressive action。 We need collaboration frankly。 We need countries to work together to solve this issue。 Part of the problem in the past， it‘s been that we have become a society that is only looking at the short term。 We are only concerned about maybe one to two， maybe if we’re very advanced 5 years ahead of time， you can‘t reverse climate change by looking at the next 5 years。 You have to have a long term view。 Also， a lot of things require behavior change， and behavior change is always difficult and lastly。 again， because we’re short term thinkers。 And when it comes to our businesses， where profit driven and not just long term profit， but short term profit driven， all of these creates an environment where aggressive solutions for climate change have failed to take hold。 I think we need to change our thinking first， in order to be able to advance the technologies， technologies are coming along and will be there and conditions like the express carbon removal。 Competition will even advance those technologies further。 But if we don‘t adapt those technologies， if we don’t， if you‘re not willing to pay for implementation of those technologies。 And if we don’t use them， they‘re not going to solve the problem by themselves。 So we need innovation， but we need the governments and the people supporting those innovations， investing in and implementing them。 We can get a better future for all of us。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　我們需要更積極，更有進(jìn)取心的行動(dòng)，我相信我們需要積極的行動(dòng)。坦率地說，我們需要合作。我們需要各國共同努力解決這一問題。在過去，我們成為了一個(gè)只關(guān)注短期問題的社會，我們只關(guān)心近一兩年的事情。如果我們非常有前瞻性，大概也就提前5年。你不能通過只看5年后的事情來逆轉(zhuǎn)氣候變化，你必須有長遠(yuǎn)的眼光。而且很多事情需要改變行為，行為的改變總是很困難的。歸根結(jié)底，我們是短期思考者。當(dāng)涉及到業(yè)務(wù)時(shí)，我們是利潤驅(qū)動(dòng)的，并不僅僅是長期利益而是短期利潤驅(qū)動(dòng)我們。所有這些都造成了一種環(huán)境，在這種環(huán)境中，積極的氣候變化解決方案未能站穩(wěn)腳跟。我認(rèn)為我們需要先改變思維方式才能夠推進(jìn)技術(shù)。科技正在取得進(jìn)步，并且能夠運(yùn)動(dòng)到碳移除上，競爭甚至?xí)M(jìn)一步推動(dòng)這些技術(shù)的發(fā)展。但如果我們不采用這些技術(shù)，如果不愿意為這些技術(shù)的實(shí)施付費(fèi)，如果我們不使用技術(shù)，技術(shù)不會自己改善問題。所以我們需要革新，但我們需要政府和民眾支持，投資并實(shí)施這些創(chuàng)新。我們可以為所有人創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更美好的未來。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q： XPRIZE is famous for inspiring innovation。 How does XPRIZE find its own advantages？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　XPRIZE以鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新出名。XPRIZE如何找到自己的優(yōu)勢？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A： So we have learned that when you have a big problem。 If you focus the world‘s attention， if you shine a light on it， if you unpack the problem， and describe it in a way that people understand the components of that problem。 And then look at it with a hopeful lens that this is the problem。 Here’s all the issues， whether all the barriers， but there are also possible solutions to fix it。 And then incentive eyes， those solutions。 So we shine a light on the problem。 We bring the world‘s focus and attention to it。 We put a price and create a competition for the first team who can solve the problem。 We’ve seen that really， that focus on attention alongside that incentive and our secret source of designing a competition where we don‘t actually tell you how to solve it。 We tell you what we want you to solve。 You can go about the solution however you want。 We leave that completely up to the innovators。 That has helped us bring people from every continent。 Usually we have people representing around 150 countries when we launch a competition and we see the numbers from other parts of the world growing as our name。 Our reputation makes it across the ocean to other continents。 So we love to see more and more people involved because traditionally， some of our best solutions have come from people who are outside the field that have a different way of looking at the problem and unpacking it so they’re not burdened by their past knowledge。 They usually can come up with completely different approaches and solutions。 So I hope that we can get the word out there。 I hope your audience will hear about XPRIZE and get careers and go to our website and look at XPRIZE.org or can see some of the competitions。 And if they are passionate about solving some of these big problems in the world。 They form their team and the passionate desire of an innovator is the first ingredient to moving forward and then investment， and then money， and the rest comes afterwards。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　我們明白到當(dāng)你遇到一個(gè)大問題，如果你凝聚世界的注意力，如果你讓問題呈現(xiàn)出來，把問題分解，用人們能理解的方式描述組成問題的部分。然后用充滿希望的角度來看待“這確實(shí)是個(gè)問題”，這是所有的問題，或者說是所有的障礙，但也有解決問題的可能。激勵(lì)的眼睛會去尋找解決方案。我們將這個(gè)問題呈現(xiàn)出來，我們將世界的注意力吸引過來。我們給出一個(gè)價(jià)格，為第一個(gè)解決問題的團(tuán)隊(duì)創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)競賽。我們設(shè)計(jì)比賽的秘密來源是我們不會告訴你如何解決它，而是告訴你我們希望你解決的問題是什么，你可以用自己的方式解決問題，我們將這一點(diǎn)完全交給創(chuàng)新者。這幫助我們吸引了來自各大洲的人。當(dāng)我們發(fā)起一場比賽時(shí)，通常會有大約150個(gè)國家的代表參賽。隨著我們名聲飄洋過海到了其他大洲，我們看到來自世界其他地區(qū)的參賽人數(shù)在增長，我們樂于看到越來越多的人參與進(jìn)來。因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)上 我們的一些最好的解決方案來自于領(lǐng)域外的人才。他們用不同的方式來看待并分解問題，他們不會為過去的知識所累，他們通常可以提出完全不同的方法和解決方案。所以我希望我們能把話傳出去，我希望你們的用戶能夠知道XPRIZE，去我們的官網(wǎng)看看，或者參加一些其他的競賽。如果他們熱衷于解決世界上的一些重大問題，他們可以組建自己的團(tuán)隊(duì)。創(chuàng)新者的激情是前進(jìn)的第一動(dòng)力，然后是投資，是錢，之后才是其他的事情。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q： You and XPRIZE want to bring some real changes to make this world better。 That‘s not an easy job， and it’s not easy， a very long journal actually。 What is the biggest challenge for XPRIZE and your team？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　你和XPRIZE想帶來真正的改變，讓這個(gè)世界變得更好。這不是一件容易的工作，實(shí)際上非常漫長和艱難。你和XPRIZE的最大挑戰(zhàn)是什么？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A： Our internal， our biggest challenge right now is to be able to get our foundation recognized all over the globe at the scale where we can have enough funding to launch our programs。 We have great， amazing ideas already。 We have created， summed up the best minds and researchers and scientists around the globe， who help us identify the biggest issues in the world and design really effective competitions。 We would love to launch these competitions and we need funding to do that。 So we hope that by getting recognized in different communities， by different people， different companies。 We will have an opportunity to launch more and more competitions for more innovation in order to solve these big challenges。 We have a wildfire competition right now， for example， wildfires are burning around the globe。 We have an amazing competition design looking for funding for that。 We have a coral restoration competition that is intended to restore all the corals that we lost and where we are halfway there and we need more funding to launch that。 We have a lot of environmental education and health competitions already designed and ready to go。 So I hope that we can get more people interested to be able to launch this competition。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　我們的內(nèi)部現(xiàn)在最大的挑戰(zhàn)是能夠得到全球各地基金會的認(rèn)可，以獲得足夠規(guī)模的經(jīng)費(fèi)來啟動(dòng)我們的項(xiàng)目。我們已經(jīng)有了很棒的想法，我們有全球最優(yōu)秀的頭腦、研究人員和科學(xué)家，能幫助我們找出世界上最大的問題，設(shè)計(jì)真正有效的比賽。我們很樂意推出這些競賽，我們需要資金來實(shí)現(xiàn)。我們希望通過在不同的社群，不同的人群，不同的公司中得到認(rèn)同，我們將有機(jī)會推出越來越多的競賽。我們需要更多的創(chuàng)新來解決這些巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。我們現(xiàn)在有山火比賽，比如，全球各地山火頻發(fā)，我們有一個(gè)很棒的競賽設(shè)計(jì)，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目目前在尋求資金支持。我們有一個(gè)珊瑚修復(fù)比賽，目的在恢復(fù)我們失去的所有珊瑚，項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)開展一半，需要更多的資金來啟動(dòng)。我們設(shè)計(jì)了許多環(huán)境教育和健康競賽并已準(zhǔn)備就緒，所以我希望能有更多的人感興趣，從而能夠啟動(dòng)競賽。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q： You talk about passion in our conversations。 Is passion your biggest driving force to keep carrying on and how does it help？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　我們談到了熱情，熱情是你最大的驅(qū)動(dòng)力嗎？它對你有什么幫助？QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A： I believe so， I think without passion， nothing else matters。 I think passion for an entrepreneur， or an innovator， is that fuel that drives you through the hard time， drives you through all the difficulties that you may face。 Because especially when you‘re doing something big， you’re bound to hit the wall， You‘re bound to have problems and issues and you’re bound to fail at times。 So if you don‘t have that passion， that energy， that core energy inside you， that fire burning inside you， you’ll give up and you won‘t follow your dream， you won’t follow your finish line。 That‘s why I think passion is important。 It has to be something that really matters to you， that you’re willing to give up a lot of things in order to achieve it。 And it has proven to me throughout history that those who really have that burning fire and desire inside them can really do incredible， impossible things。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　我相信是這樣的，我認(rèn)為沒有激情其他一切都不重要。對于一個(gè)企業(yè)家，一個(gè)創(chuàng)新者而言，激情是幫你度過艱難時(shí)期的燃料，讓你克服所有的困難，特別是當(dāng)你準(zhǔn)備大展拳腳的時(shí)候，你一定會碰壁，一定會遇到麻煩和問題。有時(shí)你肯定會失敗，所以如果你沒有那種激情，那種能量，你會放棄，不再追隨你的夢想，你也不會到達(dá)終點(diǎn)。這就是為什么我認(rèn)為激情很重要。它必須是對你來說真正重要的東西，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)它 你愿意放棄很多東西。我發(fā)現(xiàn)，歷史中那些真正擁有燃燒之火的人，真的可以做出不可思議和被認(rèn)為是不可能的事情。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　Q：Thank you very much for having you today and accept my interview requestQHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　非常感謝你接受我的采訪。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　A：My pleasure。 Thank you for the time。 And it‘s really hope to see a lot of innovators from China competing for our competition。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　我的榮幸，也非常感謝你抽出時(shí)間。我真心希望看到很多中國的初創(chuàng)者參加我們的比賽。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

　　（文/浪潮對話）QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

本文作者系新浪國際旗下“地球日報(bào)”自媒體聯(lián)盟成員，授權(quán)稿件，轉(zhuǎn)載需獲原作者許可。文章言論不代表新浪觀點(diǎn)。QHk曹操讀書網(wǎng)

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